中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
苏州：政策创新增强新就业群体使命感****** 【新时代新征程新伟业】 光明日报记者 苏 雁 光明日报通讯员 姬尊雨 12月23日，在江苏省苏州市虎丘区苏州科技城（东渚街道）致远大厦附近，接单间隙的外卖员孙雨把电瓶车停到了外卖快递车辆专属的“悦享车位”中。三步并作两步，他迈进了设置在建设银行网点的新业态群体“悦‘新’驿站”。“手机和电瓶车就是我们的生产工具，等单时我就来驿站充充电，歇个脚。天冷了，还能喝口热水。”话音刚落，孙雨熟练地从站点配备好的多种手机充电线中找到一条Type-C线，“嗡”的一声，手机开始充电。 今年以来，苏州科技城聚焦新业态新就业群体特点，以“党建+公益”为抓手，凝聚机关、社区、商户等力量，在辖区内陆续设立了以东渚为民服务中心为核心，遍布太湖光子科技园、丰茂里商业广场等新就业群体高密度场所的8个“悦‘新’驿站”示范点，以及基于各个社区的多个服务站，构建起新就业群体“15分钟暖心服务圈”。 苏州科技城活跃着500余名新就业形态劳动者，他们如同细胞一般保障着这座城市的有序运行。记者在东渚为民服务中心的“悦‘新’驿站”看到，饮水机、方便食品、应急小药箱、雨具等各类物资设施一应俱全。在为小哥们准备的“海棠书架”上不仅摆放着“最美小哥”“先锋骑手”水晶奖杯，还有与学习党的二十大精神相关的书籍。 在享受便利服务的同时，外卖快递小哥也被赋予了“新使命”。“在路口发现有门牌被风吹歪，存在安全隐患，请尽快来处理。”这天，某外卖平台东渚站点的外卖配送员舒龙在东渚新苑送外卖的路上发现小区门牌被吹落，他随即点开“东渚发布”微信公众号的“民意连心桥”功能，不一会儿就完成了“文明随手拍”的路障上报。 舒龙还有一重身份——“悦‘新’驿站”站长。“作为外卖员，在基层治理中，我们有流动性强、联系面广、影响范围大的优势。”他告诉记者，未来，他将继续引导站点的新就业群体担当好方针政策宣传员、社情民意信息员、安全隐患排查员、环境卫生巡逻员，促进新业态新就业群体融入基层治理。 对新就业群体来说，参与社区志愿服务还有另一个好处——能“积分”。“参加普法宣传、文明城市宣传积3分，参与小区环境卫生整治等志愿服务积5分，参与应急救援等志愿服务最高积20分……”外卖员唐旭掰着手指头给记者算起了积分。 “积分有啥用？”记者追问。 “30分能申请购买个人保险，50分能在东渚卫生院安排一次定期检查，要是能攒到150分，去科技城医院做一次全身体检也免费！”唐旭说。 今年11月，在苏州市流动人口积分管理办法基础上，苏州科技城创新推出了积分“五入”管理办法，以社会志愿服务换取积分，达到一定分值可以申请兑换“入医”“入学”“入岗”“入托”“入网”等服务。 新业态新就业群体的认同感和归属感也越来越强。今年9月，随着《苏州科技城新业态新就业群体党建工作指引》和“携‘新’同行”守护16条的发布，越来越多的爱心商户参与到关爱“两新”群体的工作中。“党的二十大报告明确提出，加强新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体党的建设。”曹裕银说，如今苏州科技城的新就业群体不仅听党话、感党恩、跟党走，而且积极主动融入城市治理，为基层治理工作建言献策，成为城市美好生活的创造者、守护者。 《光明日报》（ 2022年12月27日 03版） 大发彩票地图 |
